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- TELEVISION, Page 80Play It Yet Again, Lucy
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- Why is TV recycling its history more exhaustively than ever? Are
- the endless reruns better, or just different?
-
- By RICHARD ZOGLIN
-
-
- Sooner or later, we always seem to wind up back in the
- candy factory. You remember the scene: Lucy and Ethel go to work
- on a candy-wrapping assembly line. A conveyor belt feeds them
- chocolates at a ridiculously fast clip. They try desperately to
- keep up, frantically stuffing the candy into their blouses, hats
- and mouths before the supervisor returns. A comedy classic.
-
- And now a comedy cliche. Nearly 40 years after the scene
- was first aired -- on Sept. 15, 1952, as the opening episode of I
- Love Lucy's second season -- it may be the most frequently
- repeated bit of film in television history. One recent sighting
- came in October, on the NBC special Funny Women of Television.
- It got a vigorous workout during all those TV tributes to
- Lucille Ball following her death in April 1989. It is one of two
- episodes reprised in full on a laser disc released by the
- Criterion Collection to commemorate the show's 40th anniversary.
- And, of course, on any given day it is probably being shown on
- some local station somewhere, part of the endlessly renewable
- cycle of I Love Lucy reruns.
-
- Has a popular art form ever been so infatuated with its
- past? Increasingly, it seems that we are not viewing television
- so much as perpetually re-viewing it. A network show that
- becomes a hit is only starting its TV life cycle. The next step
- is a big syndication deal, then years and years of reruns on
- local stations and cable. Virtually every TV anniversary, star's
- death or Emmy Awards show provides an excuse to trot out another
- edition of Scenes We Like to See Over and Over Again: Ralph
- Kramden bickering with Alice, Elvis gyrating on Ed Sullivan, Lou
- Grant meeting Mary Richards for the first time ("I hate
- spunk!").
-
- Even network prime time is falling under the spell of the
- past. Last February, CBS drew stellar ratings for a two-hour
- special celebrating The Ed Sullivan Show, and did nearly as well
- with tributes to All in the Family and The Mary Tyler Moore
- Show. Last weekend the network launched another classic-TV
- binge, with homages to M*A*S*H and The Bob Newhart Show, along
- with a second compilation of Sullivan clips. In June, to much
- fanfare, the network introduced a new sitcom from Norman Lear.
- The show, Sunday Dinner, was soundly beaten in the ratings by
- the program that followed it -- 20-year-old reruns of Lear's All
- in the Family.
-
- TV's recycling process has been pushed to peak capacity by
- a profusion of cable channels searching for low-cost
- programming to fill their schedules. Nick at Nite woos baby
- boomers each evening with campy sitcoms like The Donna Reed Show
- and Get Smart. The Family Channel has cornered the market in old
- westerns (Wagon Train, The Virginian), while the Arts &
- Entertainment Network, originally conceived as a haven for
- fine-arts programming, now runs oldies like The Avengers and
- Mrs. Columbo. Ted Turner's cable operation may attract a lot of
- attention with MGM movie blockbusters and environmental
- specials, but its most dependable ratings grabber is that un
- glamorous, uncolorized war-horse, The Andy Griffith Show.
-
- Newer cable outlets are being forced to scrounge ever
- deeper in the vaults for fresh oldies. Comedy Central, the
- all-comedy cable network, has resurrected C.P.O. Sharkey, a dog
- from the mid-'70s starring Don Rickles. Nostalgia Television,
- a six-year-old network aimed at the "mature" audience, has
- unearthed such forgotten chestnuts as Date with the Angels, a
- short-lived '50s sitcom starring Betty White, and The Dennis
- O'Keefe Show, a one-season wonder from 1959-60.
-
- The godfather of TV's back-to-the-past movement is the
- Museum of Television and Radio, a 15-year-old repository of
- memorabilia founded by former CBS chairman William S. Paley. At
- its elegant new quarters in midtown Manhattan, visitors can
- wander in and out of four screening rooms, browse through a
- computerized card catalog listing some 45,000 items, and repair
- to one of 96 TV and radio consoles to enjoy anything from
- President Kennedy's Inaugural Address to Don DeFore's inaugural
- appearance as Thorny on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.
-
- The museum's aggressive president, Robert Batscha, insists
- that his institution is not pandering to nostalgia but
- preserving an important social and cultural record. Sure enough,
- the museum has rounded up hundreds of kinescopes and tapes from
- TV's past that might otherwise have been lost. Its curatorial
- work, moreover, has sparked a revival of interest in such
- seminal TV figures as Jackie Gleason and Ernie Kovacs.
-
- Rummaging through the museum's collection is rewarding on
- both levels -- nostalgic and scholarly. A Woody Allen TV
- special from 1969, for example, provides a rare glimpse of Allen
- in his transitional phase from stand-up comic to film
- innovator. One segment is a brilliantly realized silent-movie
- short, with Allen as the Chaplinesque hero and a young Candice
- Bergen as his co-star. But the show's most startling revelation
- is a guest appearance by the Rev. Billy Graham, who joins Allen
- for a lighthearted but essentially serious discussion of God,
- morality and premarital sex. It is fascinating simply because
- it could never happen on a TV entertainment show today.
-
- The vogue for vintage TV can be at least partly attributed
- to the baby-boom audience, which grew up on TV and has a
- seemingly insatiable appetite for revisiting the media icons of
- youth. But it may also reflect a rejection, by audiences of all
- ages, of the creative exhaustion and tired formulas of most
- current TV fare. Television of the past was, to be blunt, not
- only different but very often better.
-
- An old drama series like The Fugitive (with David Janssen
- as Dr. Richard Kimble, on the run after being wrongly convicted
- of murder) looks hopelessly unfashionable today, with its
- melodramatic narration, simplistic characters and stubborn
- avoidance of social relevance (no date rapists to be found). It
- does offer, however, something rarely seen in current TV drama:
- dark, intense morality tales, pitting one man's instinct for
- survival against his instinct for doing good.
-
- Not every recycled show holds up so well. Some fondly
- remembered oldies, like The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, seem
- dated, and neither time nor camp tastes have improved Mister Ed.
- But even middling sitcoms like The Patty Duke Show are more
- effortlessly engaging than most of the nervous joke machines
- that pass for comedies today. Good ones like The Dick Van Dyke
- Show remind us that the trivial plot lines of old domestic
- comedies were often a mask for shrewd satire of suburban
- neuroses. The best ones, like I Love Lucy, which invented the
- vocabulary for the modern sitcom, have the formal perfection and
- infinite repeatability of great pop music.
-
- Yes, even that darned candy factory.
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